He aha i rerekē ai te whanonga o ngā rauemi e rua he rite te utu i roto i ngā kīhini

Mena i haere koe i te ara o ngā taputapu kīhini a Carrefour, a Lidl rānei i te tau 2024, ā, i te tau 2026 anō, ka tata te āhua o ngā SKU acacia me te bamboo ki te whakawhiti. He parauri mā ki te parauri mahana ngā mea e rua, e $14 ki te $45 te utu hokohoko i te wāhanga kīhini a Amazon, he rite tonu te tohu "FDA food contact" i runga i te whakairi. Heoi anō, he rerekē te kōrero a ngā raraunga whakahokinga o te mutunga o te tau: ko ngā papa bamboo te mea nui rawa atu i raro i te $20 i runga i te tere rārangi engari ka ngaro te hea i runga ake i te $30, ko ngā papa acacia kei te pupuri i te taumata $30 ki te $45 me te iti ake o ngā reiti whakahokinga i runga i ngā amuamu pakaru me te piko. Heipapa tapahi rakau akasiaI te hanga a te kaihoko i tētahi kaupapa tapanga tūmataiti, ehara te pātai i te mea ko tēhea rauemi te mea pai ake; engari ko tēhea rauemi ka taea te matapae i te whanonga mō tō āhuarangi, tō hongere hokohoko, me te utu kua whakatakotoria e tō kaiwhakahaere kāwai.

Ka wetewetehia e tēnei aratohu taua pātai puta noa i ngā āhuatanga hangarau e toru e whai tikanga ana ki ngā kaihoko rarawe: te ihirangi makuku taurite (EMC) me te pupuhi 24-hāora, te pakeke o Janka me te pai ki te maripi, me te tutuki i ngā paninga haumaru-kai i raro i te FDA 21 CFR 175.300 me te EU Regulation (EC) Nama 1935/2004. Ka mutu mātou me te tauira tawhē hokohoko i ngā taumata utu e toru ($15 / $25 / $40) kia taea ai e koe te tiaki i te whakatau rauemi ki tō kaihoko kāwai me ngā tau tūturu, kaua ko te manakohanga ataahua anake. I te wāhi e kite ai koe i tā mātou rauemi e kīia ana he "pēke"kaiwhakarato papa tapahi"hoa mahi i muri mai i te tuhinga, kei te whakahua mātou i ā mātou ake raina whakaputa i Ningbo, kei reira ngā rauemi e rua e whakahaerehia ana i runga i ngā oumu whakamahana tahi engari me rerekē ngā tikanga whakaoti. Mō ngā kaihoko kua rite ki tetono tauira papa tapahii roto i tētahi o ngā rauemi, kua whakarāpopototia tā mātou kaupapa here tauira ki te Wāhanga 8.

Te Whakataurite i te Pakari, te Kiato, me te Hanganga Muka i waenganui i te Akasia me te Pīpī

He rite tonu te āhua o ngā rauemi e rua i te tirohanga tuatahi nā te mea he mea hanga ki te cellulose ngā mea e rua, ā, ka tukuna atu he tae karamere māmā i muri i te whakaotinga, engari he rerekē te tipu me te hanganga. Ko te akasia (ko te Acacia mangium, ko te Acacia auriculiformis rānei kei te hokohoko) he rakau pakari tūturu me ngā paihere muka matotoru, he kakano kati. Ko te pīkau (ko te pīkau Moso, ko te Phyllostachys edulis) he tarutaru me ngā paihere totoka tuwhera e rere ana i te roanga o te kakau; ina whakapirihia ki roto i te papa, ka puta he tauira kakano tika me ngā raina e kitea ana i aua paihere.

Ka kitea tonutia taua rerekētanga hanganga i roto i ngā whakamātautau pakeke o Janka. Mā ngā inenga taha-ki-taha, ka whakanohohia te akasia ki te 1,700 ki te 1,750 lbf (e rite ana ki ngā raraunga tohutoro pakeke o Janka paerewa-ahumahi) me te bamboo Moso ki te 1,300 ki te 1,400 lbf (e rite ana ki ngā raraunga tohutoro taputapu kīhini ngaio), i runga i te ahunga whakapiri me te mātotoru pēhi. Ki te whakamaoritia mō te kaihokohoko, he tino pakeke ake te akasia i te mata, he pānga tika ki te ātete ki te rakuraku me te mau o te maripi; ka hipokina e mātou ngā pānga e rua i te Wāhanga 4. He rite tonu te taumaha motuhake: ka tau te akasia maroke-hau ki te 0.65 ki te 0.75 g/cm³, ko ngā papa bamboo whakapiri te tikanga whakamātautau i te 0.65 ki te 0.80 g/cm³, engari he whānui ake te rerekētanga i roto i te bamboo nā te mea ka nui te nekehanga o te tau i te pēhanga pēhi me te ihirangi kapia.

Mō ngā kaihoko e aromatawai ana i tētahikaiwhakarato papa tapahi bambooE hoa mā, ko te akoranga whai hua ko te pakeke o te bamboo ehara i te tau pumau; he mahi ia nā te pēhi me te whakanikoniko o te wheketere. Ka rerekē pea ngā papa bamboo e rua mai i ngā wheketere rerekē e 100 lbf, neke atu rānei, i runga i te whakamātautau Janka kotahi, ahakoa kua tohua ngā mea e rua "Moso bamboo, haumaru mō te kai." Ko te tono tiwhikete pakeke o te taha wheketere (ASTM D1037, JIS Z 2101 rānei) tētahi o ngā huarahi pono ake hei tātari i tētahi kaiwhakarato taha.

Te mimiti makuku: EMC, te pupuhi, me te whakamātautau 24-hāora a ngā kaihoko

Ko te whanonga makuku te wāhi e tino rerekē ai ngā rauemi e rua i roto i ngā kīhini tūturu, ā, koinei anō te wāhi e puta ai te nuinga o ngā kereme whakamana hokohoko. He hihiko te rakau me te pāpaka; ka whiwhi, ka ngaro te makuku kia tae rā anō ki te taumata makuku taurite (EMC) me te hau e karapoti ana. I ngā āhuatanga o roto o te whare o te 20°C me te 50% te makuku whanaunga, ka taurite te akasia ki te 8 ki te 10% EMC, ko te pāpaka ia ka taurite ki te 8 ki te 12% EMC, i runga i te kaha o te whakamaroke o te oumu wheketere i ngā whakapiringa i mua i te pēhi. He rite tonu te āhua o ngā tau i runga i te pepa, engari he rerekē te urupare hihiri.

I roto i tētahi whakamātautau rumaki 24-hāora ka taea e tētahi taiwhanga QA te whakahaere, ka pupuhi te akasia tata ki te 4 ki te 6% te whānui me te 2 ki te 3% te matotoru, ko te bamboo ia ka pupuhi tata ki te 6 ki te 9% te whānui me te 3 ki te 5% te matotoru. Ki te whakamāoritia ki tētahi papa akasia 30 × 40 cm, arā, he panonitanga whānui 12 ki te 18 mm i muri i tētahi huringa mākū. Ki te whakamāoritia ki tētahi papa kotahi i roto i te bamboo, he 18 ki te 27 mm. I muri i ngā huringa mākū-maroke e toru, ka tīmata ngā papa bamboo ki te whakaatu i te pakaru o te taha i ngā rārangi whakapiri, ko ngā papa akasia ia e whakaatu ana i te tirotiro mata i te rohe o te ngakau rakau engari he onge te wehewehe. Kua tuhia te whanonga makuku ki roto i teTe rangahau a te Paremata o Ūropi i te tau 2016 mō ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te kaihei take whai wāhi ki te rahunga o ngā hua e whakamahia ana mō ngā taonga rakau. Koinei te take hangarau e whakaatu ana i te whakatūpato "kaua e rumakina" me te "kaua e horoi rihi" ki ngā papa pāmao i runga i te tapanga whakairi, ā, koinei anō te take hangarau e kaha ake ai ngā papa akasia i te taumata hokohoko $30 neke atu, e tumanako ana ngā kaihoko kia roa ake te ora ratonga.

Mō ngā kaihoko rarawe, e rua ngā hua whai hua o te kōrero makuku. Tuatahi, he mea nui te wā whakamātao i mua i te whakaotinga: e 7 ki te 14 ngā rā e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamatao i roto i te oumu mō te akasia, e 14 ki te 21 ngā rā e hiahiatia ana mō te pāmu, nā te mea ka mau te makuku o roto i ngā paparanga whakakikoruatia. Ko te wheketere e kī ana i ngā wā arahi ōrite mō ngā rauemi e rua, he tino whakapoto i te huringa pāmu. Tuarua, me tohu e te takai hokohoko he taiao whakamahi. Mena ko tō hongere hokohoko ko Ūropi ki te Raki me te RH o roto i te takurua tata ki te 25%, ka heke te EMC, ā, ka paku whakawhāiti ngā rauemi e rua; mena ko Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti me te RH o te raumati tata ki te 75%, ka pupuhi ngā rauemi e rua, ā, ko te pāmu te mea tino ngoikore o ngā mea e rua.

He Ātaahua ki te Maripi: Te Whakatauranga Janka me tōna Tikanga mō ngā Hokinga Mai a te Kaihoko

Ko te ngāwari ki te whakamahi i ngā maripi te wāhi e huri ai ngā tau Janka i te Wāhanga 2 hei kōrerorero ratonga kiritaki. I roto i ngā arotake taputapu kīhini motuhake me ngā whakamātautau paearu kīhini ngaio, ko ngā papa akasia e kiia ana he "maripi taurite," ko ngā papa pāmao ia e kiia ana he "pakeke ake ki ngā maripi i te nuinga o ngā rakau pakari." Ko te rerekētanga i ahu mai i te nui o te silica: ka waiho e te pāmao te silica ki roto i ōna paihere toto i te pakeketanga o te kakau, ā, ka ora taua silica i te whakapiringa me te pēhi. He iti ake te nui o te silica o te akasia i te māpere, i te pīti rānei, engari he nui ake i te nati wōnati. I roto i ngā kupu mahi, ka tere ake te whakapōuri o te maripi a te kaimahi tunu kai i te māpere mutunga-kākano, i te hinoki cypress rānei, engari ka tere ake te mahi a te pāmao i te akasia.

Mō tētahi kaupapa waitohu tūmataiti, ko te kōwhiringa i waenga i te akasia me te pāmao mō te pai o te maripi ka whakawhirinaki ki tō taumata utu hokohoko me te kōtaha o tō kiritaki. I te taumata whakauru $15, ka aro nui ngā kiritaki ki te utu, ā, ka whakakapia te papa i ia 12 ki te 18 marama; ehara te whakapōuri i te maripi i te mea hei whakahoki mai. I te taumata waenga $25, ka tīmata te puta o te whakapōuri i te maripi i roto i ngā arotake kino, inā koa i runga i a Amazon, ko te "whakapōuri i aku maripi pai" he amuamu auau i runga i ngā SKU pāmao. I te taumata utu nui $40-neke atu, ko te pai o te maripi he tino take mō te hoko, ā, he painga nui tō te akasia i roto i ngā whakamātautau taha-ki-taha.

Kotahi te āhuatanga hei tohu. Ko te hanganga o te pito-kōhatu i runga i tētahi o ngā rauemi e rua ka tino whakaiti i te pānga whakapōuri, nā te mea ka haere te mata o te maripi i waenga i ngā muka kaua i te taha o aua muka. He hua taumata-kounga te akasia pito-kōhatu; he onge ake, he uaua ake hoki te hanga i te pāpaka pito-kōhatu me te pono, nā te mea kāore te hanganga toto o te pāpaka e pai ki te aronga pito-kōhatu pono. Mena kei te aro tō kaupapa ki ngā kaihoko ngaio, ki ngā kaihoko pakihi rānei, he pai te tirotiro i te akasia pito-kōhatu; ki te aro ki ngā tunu kai kāinga taumata-whakauru, ko te pāpaka taha-kōhatu tonu te otinga tika mō te utu-me-te-mahi.

Haumaru Kai: Ngā Paninga, Ngā Matū Ka Taea te Heke, me Ngā Mea Me Whakaatu e Ngā Pepa Whakatakotoranga

Kua whakaaetia e te FDA ngā rauemi e rua mō te whakapā tika ki te kai ina tukuna mai i roto i tō rātou āhua tūturu, kāore i oti. Kāore he paitini o te rakau akasia, ā, he iti te mate pāwera; he rite tonu te haumaru o te bamboo Moso ki te kai ina horoia te māngaro toenga mai i ngā whakapiringa. Nō reira, ehara te pātai mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga i te mea mō te papa; engari mō te paninga. Ko te nuinga o ngā papa hokohoko he hinu kohuke kounga kai, he maha ngā wā ka whakaranua ki te ware pi hei ātete ki te wai. Ko te hinu kohuke tonu kei raro i te mana whakahaere.FDA 21 CFR 172.878hei tāpiringa kai tika, ā, ko te kiriata hinu kua whakamaroketia i runga i te papa e mōhiotia whānuitia ana he haumaru.

Ko te mea e whakarerekē ana i te tirohanga ture ko te whakamahinga o te wheketere i tētahi paninga kapia, rākau, paninga pūmua rānei i tua atu i te hinu kohuke. Mena he paninga polyurethane, he paninga epoxy rānei kei runga i te papa mō ngā kereme "ātete wai" me te "haumaru horoi rihi", ka taka taua paninga ki raro i te...FDA 21 CFR 175.300(ngā paninga kapia me ngā paninga polymeric) mō te mākete o Amerika me raro ihoTure a te EU (EC) Nama 1935/2004me te mehua motuhakeTure (EU) Nama 10/2011mō te mākete Pākehā. Ko te rohenga 175.300 he 0.5 mg ia inihi tapawha o ngā tangohanga wairewa-chloroform kore-pohehe katoa i raro i ngā tikanga whakamahinga e whakaarohia ana. E hiahiatia ana e te anga 1935/2004 he Whakapuakitanga Whakarite e kapi ana i ngā rohe hekenga whānui, ngā rohe hekenga motuhake, me ngā āhuatanga organoleptic.

Mō ngā kaihoko e whakahaere ana i tētahi kaupapa tapanga tūmataiti i ngā mākete e rua, he māmā noa iho te whakaritenga mō te whārangi whakaritenga mahi. Tuatahi, tonoa te momo paninga (hinu kohuke anake, hinu kohuke me te ware pi, te paninga polymer rānei) i runga i ia ota hoko. Tuarua, mō tētahi SKU pania polymer, tonoa te Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga e tohutoro ana i te 175.300 me te 1935/2004 me te pūrongo whakamātautau e tāpirihia ana. Tuatoru, tohua te pāmahana whakamahinga mōrahi i runga i te tohu whakairi; ka taea e ngā taputapu tunu kai wera i runga ake i te 70°C te whakatere i te hekenga i roto i ngā papa pania polymer, ā, ka panaia te SKU ki tētahi atu momo ture. Ko te tuku paerewa a Yawen mō ngā rauemi e rua ko te hinu kohuke kai-kai me te ware pi, e pupuri ana i te SKU i roto i te kāwai whakaritenga iti rawa te waku mō ngā hokohoko o te US me te EU.

Mō ngā kaihoko Pākehā, ko te German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Tohutoro rauemi whakapā kai BfR) e pupuri ana i te rārangi pai tino whānui o ngā matū e tika ana mō ngā taonga e pā ana ki te kai tae atu ki ngā taputapu kīhini rakau me te pāpaka, ā, koia te tohutoro mana mō ngā tuhinga hanganga ture katoa e pā ana ki te wheketere i te mākete Tiamana.

Ngā Wā Arataki Hanga me te Utu Huna o te Whakamahere Roa

Ko te wā arahi tētahi o ngā tūemi rārangi e āhua ōrite ana i runga i te pepa whakahua engari ka rerekē rawa atu ina oti te pāngarau whakatikatika. Ko te whakakī i te bamboo me pēhi i te 130 ki te 160°C i raro i te 1.0 ki te 1.5 MPa mō te 20 ki te 40 meneti mō ia papa, ā, muri iho ka whai i te matapihi whakatikatika 14 ki te 21-rā i muri i te pēhi hei pehi i te makuku toenga ki raro i te 10% EMC. Ko te akasia me pēhi wera mō te 60 ki te 90 meneti mō ia papa, me te matapihi whakatikatika 7 ki te 14-rā. He poto ake te huringa pēhi mō te bamboo nā te mea he tere ake te maroke o ngā paparanga whakakī; he roa ake te matapihi whakatikatika nā te mea he nui ake te makuku o roto e mau ana i te hanganga paparanga.

Ki te whakaputahia he 5,000-wāhanga noa, ka oti ngā papa akasia i roto i te 18 ki te 22 ngā rā mahi mai i te tukunga o ngā rauemi mata, ā, ka oti ngā papa pāpaka i roto i te 24 ki te 30 ngā rā mahi. Mō tētahi kaupapa motuhake e whakamahere ana i tētahi whakarewatanga hokohoko i te ngahuru me te mutunga o Ākuhata mō ngā tauira me te mutunga o Hepetema mō te whakaputa, ko taua rerekētanga 6 ki te 8-rā he wā maramataka tūturu. Ko te wheketere e oati ana "30 ngā rā mō ngā mea e rua" kei te tapahi poto i te huringa whakatikatika pāpaka, ka puta mai hei kereme whakapiko i roto i te toa e whā ki te ono wiki i muri i te taunga o te SKU ki te whata.

He koki whakapaipai mahi anō hoki hei tohu. He nui ake te tere whakakorenga o ngā whakapiringa pāpaka i te wā e pēhia ana (ko te tikanga he 3 ki te 5%, he 1 ki te 2% mō te akasia) nā te mea ka kitea ngā āputa i waenganui i ngā rīpene pāpaka hei hapa kitea i runga i te mata kua oti. Ka tangohia e te wheketere taua utu, ka utua rānei mā te utu nui ake mō ia waeine; ahakoa pēhea, ko te kaihoko te utu mōna. Mō te oma 5,000-waeine, ko te rerekētanga whakakorenga kei roto i te raupapa 100 ki te 150 waeine, ko te utu $5 mō ia waeine he tata ki te $500 ki te $750 o te whakapaipai mahi e noho ana i roto i te puranga whakakorenga.

Tapeke Hokohoko: Akasia me te Pāma i ngā Taumata Utu e Toru

Ko te tauira tawhē hokohoko i raro nei e whakamahi ana i tētahi kaupapa tapanga tūmataiti Pākehā e whakaatu ana i te utu FOB Ningbo kua tau ki te whenua, 18% te takoha, 12% te utanga uta, 28% te pikinga hokohoko, me te whakarato whakahokinga hokohoko 6%. E whakamahi ana mātou i tētahi oma whakaputa 5,000-wae, koinei te MOQ noa mō ngā kaupapa tapanga tūmataiti tuatahi puta noa i ngā rauemi e rua.

E rua ngā tauira e puta mai ana i te ripanga. Tuatahi, ko te ōrau tawhē whānui e pai ake ana ki te pāmu i ia taumata, tata ki te 2 ki te 4 ōrau, nā te mea he iti ake te utu FOB mō ia waeine. Tuarua, ko te tawhē tino mō ia waeine kei roto i te $2 puta noa i ngā rauemi i ia taumata, nō reira he iti te āputaputa moni whiwhi mō ia waeine. Tuatoru, ko te whakarato whakahoki me te pūtāhui he nui ake te pānga ki te pāmu i roto i te mahi: ko te reiti whakahoki 6% mō te pāmu ka mimiti tata ki te $0.30 mō ia waeine kua tukuna, ki te $0.18 mō ia waeine kua tukuna mō te akasia i te taumata tīmatanga, nā te mea ko ngā whakahokinga pāmu e noho tahi ana me ngā rahunga whakapiko me te whakapiri kaua ki ngā take āhua.

Ki te kore ngā hokinga mai me te pūtāhui, ka huri te whakatauranga o te tawhē hokohoko ki te taumata utu nui: ka mutu te tau me te tawhē kupenga teitei ake mō ia waeine nā te mea ka ea te utu FOB teitei ake i te reiti hokinga iti. I te taumata tīmatanga, ko te bamboo tonu te whiringa whai hua ahakoa te tōpana hokinga mai, nā te mea he tata ki te 1.8x teitei ake te tere hokohoko i taua taumata. Ko te taumata waenga he tino kore-rawa, ā, me whakatau i runga i te tūnga waitohu kaua ki te pāngarau tawhē.

Te Mahere Whakatau Rauemi mō ngā Kaihoko Taputapu Kīhini

Kei raro nei te mahere whakatau e ono ngā kōtaha kaihoko noa ki te rauemi kua tūtohutia. He mea hanga rua i te taumata tīmatanga (ko te bamboo te mea e toa ai i runga i te utu me te tere) ā, he mea hanga kore-rua i te taumata utu nui (ko te akasia, te akasia mutunga-kiko, me te bamboo he tūranga tiaki i runga i te kōtaha kaihoko).

Mō ngā kaihoko e whakaaro ana ki tētahi kaupapa raina-rua, ko te mahi whaihua ko te whakarewa i te pīkau i te taumata tīmatanga hei kaiārahi rōrahi, me te akasia i te taumata waenga-ki-te-utu hei punga tawhē. He nui te DNA tirohanga o ngā rauemi e rua e taea ai e rāua te pānui hei huinga ōrite i runga i tētahi whata hokohoko, engari he pai te wehewehe kia kore ai e taea e te SKU taumata tīmatanga te whakakore i te SKU utu nui. Ka whakahaerehia e ā mātou raina whakaputa Yawen ngā rauemi e rua i runga i ngā oumu tiritahi, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia he tohu tuarua o te wheketere mō tētahi kaupapa raina-rua.

Rārangi Arowhai Whakatakotoranga mō te Tukunga RFQ

I mua i te tukunga atu o tētahi Tono mō te Tāpaetanga ki tētahikaiwhakarato papa tapahi bamboohe tohunga akasia rānei, kei roto i te rārangi arowhai i raro nei ngā whakaritenga me tutuki e te RFQ waitohu motuhake whakataetae. Mā te waiho i tētahi o ēnei taonga ka waiho he wāhi mō te wheketere ki te whakakapi i ngā rauemi iti iho te kounga, te whakaotinga rānei, ka puta mai i te whata hokohoko i muri i ngā marama e toru.

1. Ngā whakatakotoranga rauemi:Ngā momo akasia (mangium, auriculiformis, ranu rānei) i ahu mai i te pāpaka Moso rānei (Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui rānei); tiwhikete mārō ki te ASTM D1037, ki te JIS Z 2101 rānei; te nui rawa o te makuku 5% i te wā e pēhia ana.
2. Ngā rahinga me te manawanui:Te roa × te whānui × te matotoru me te ātete ±1 mm; te tapawhā o te taha i roto i te ±0.5 mm; te pūtoro kokonga mēnā kua tohua.
3. Ngā whakatakotoranga whakaoti:Hinu kohuke kai-kai anake, hinu kohuke me te ware pi, te paninga polymer rānei; waitohu me te momo whakaotinga; te maha o ngā paninga; te roa o te whakamaroke i waenga i ngā paninga.
4. Ngā tuhinga mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga:He reta tutuki i te FDA; LFGB Wāhanga 30/31 LFGB mēnā kei te hokona i Tiamana; Whakapuakitanga Whakarite mō te EU 1935/2004 mēnā kei te whakamahia he paninga polymer; California Prop 65 mēnā kei te hokona i California.
5. Waitohu me te takai:Te whakairo taiaho, te waitohu wera, te tohu whakairi; ngā rahi o te pouaka hokohoko me ngā kōnae whakairoiro; te whirihoranga kātene matua me ngā whakatakotoranga papa.
6. Kaupapa here tauira:Te wā arahi mō te tauira i mua i te hanga (e 7 ki te 10 ngā rā te nuinga); te tikanga tuku mō ngā tauira; te whakahokinga utu mō te ota whakaputa tuatahi.

Ina rite koe ki tetono tauira papa tapahi, ka tukuna e tā mātou kete tauira paerewa ngā SKU akasia e rua (kotahi he kākano taha, ko tētahi he kākano mutunga) me ngā SKU pāpaka e rua (kotahi he paninga papatahi, ko tētahi he paninga poutū) i roto i ngā rā mahi e 7 mai i Ningbo. Ka hipokina e te kete ngā hanganga tapanga tūmataiti e whā e tino kitea ana, ā, ka hoatu ki tō kaihoko kāwai he whakataurite taha-ki-taha i te tauine whata hokohoko, ehara i te tauine taiwhanga.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He haumaru te rakau akasia mō te pa ki te kai?

Āe. Kua whakaaetia te rakau akasia e te FDA mō te pa atu ki te kai, kāore he paitini, ā, he iti te mate pāwera. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā papa tapahi, ngā peihana huamata, me ngā paepae tuku kai puta noa i Ūropi, te US, me Hapani.

He aha i mārō ake ai te pāmu i te akasia ki ngā maripi?

Ka whakatōngia e te bamboo te silica ki roto i ōna paihere toto i te pakeketanga o te kakau. Ka ora tonu taua silica i te tukanga whakapiringa ka mutu ki te papa kua oti, ka mārō ake te mata tapahi, ka kaha ake te haehae i ngā mata o te maripi i te nuinga o ngā rakau mārō, tae atu ki te akasia.

Ka taea te whakauru i ngā papa tapahi pāma ki roto i te mīhini horoi rihi?

Kāo. Nā te wera nui me te roa o te wā e pāngia ana e te wai o te mīhini horoi rihi ka panaia te pāpaka ki tua atu i tōna awhe makuku haumaru, ā, ka pakaru te paparanga i roto i ngā huringa e 5 ki te 10. Horoia ā-ringa ki te hopi ngawari, whakamarokehia ki te tauera, ka tū tika kia maroke ki te hau.

He aha te wā tika mō te whakamātao i te bamboo i mua i te whakaotinga?

Ko te pāmahana i muri i te pēhitanga he 18 ki te 22°C me te haumākū 50 ki te 60% te paerewa. Ko te kore e whakamahia tēnei matapihi te tino take o te whanoke o te hua i roto i te toa i roto i ngā wiki e 4 ki te 6 i muri i te tukunga o te toa.

Ko tēhea rauemi he iti ake ngā reiti whakahoki hokohoko?

He iti ake te hokinga mai o te akasia mō ngā take piko me te ngatata, ko te tikanga he 2 ki te 4% te nuinga, ki te 5 ki te 8% mō te pāpaka, nā te mea he pai ake te whakahaere a te hanganga kōhatu-kati o te akasia i te huringa mākū-maroke i te hanganga whakakikorua o te pāpaka.

E tutuki ana ngā rauemi e rua i ngā ture pā-kai o te EU 1935/2004?

Āe, ka tutuki ngā rauemi e ruaTure (EC) Nama 1935/2004i roto i tōna āhua tūturu kāore anō kia oti. Mena ka tāpirihia he paninga pūmua hei ārai i te wai, me tutuki te paninga tonuTure (EU) Nama 10/2011ngā herenga hekenga motuhake, me te tuku mai hoki i tētahi Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga me ia uta.