1. Ko te īmēra tuatahi i whakaoho i te whakaritenga utu e ono marama te roa

Ko te kaihoko he waitohu taputapu whare rahi-waenga o Ūropi e arotake ana i ngā taputapu kīhini parāoa mō te wā tuatahi. I tae mai te īmēra patai ki a mātou i te puna, e tono ana kia tukuna he utu mō tētahi huinga taputapu parāoa e ono ngā wāhanga me te whakaotinga kakau motuhake mō te waitohu me te whakairoiro takai hokohoko ritenga. Ko te whakautu tuatahi i tukuna e mātou i whakaurua ai ngā ara utu e rua - tētahi ODM me te whakaritenga waitohu māmā, tētahi OEM katoa - nā te mea kua ako mātou ko te whakatakoto i tētahi utu kotahi ki mua i tētahi kaihoko taputapu kīhini parāoa hou ka puta he he e hia marama te roa ki te whakakore.

I whiriwhiria e te kaihoko te ara OEM i te īmēra tuarua, i runga i te whakaaro "ko te tikanga o te OEM he iti ake te utu mō ia waeine i te tauine nui." I muri i ngā marama e ono, ka hoki mai te kaihoko ki a mātou me tētahi pātai kua rongo pinepine mātou hei tauira: "He aha i rerekē ai te āhua o tā mātou utu tuturu i te utu i whakaritea e mātou?" Ko te hanganga hou e ono marama i muri mai te take i puta ai tēnei tuhinga.

Ehara tēnei i te kōrero mō te hapa a te kaihoko kotahi. He tauira tēnei e kitea ana i roto i ngā waitohu taputapu kīhini hou o te parāoa i Ūropi, te US, Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Ahitereiria, me Brazil. Ko te whakatau ODM/OEM he rite ki te kōwhiringa tapanga i te rā tuatahi, engari he whakatau tohatoha moni e puta ana i roto i te haerenga kaihoko e ono ki te tekau mā rua marama. Ko te toenga o tēnei tuhinga e whai ana i taua haerenga.

2. He aha te rerekētanga o te arorau utu aratau-rua o te bamboo i te OEM kirihou

Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihoko hou i ngā taputapu kīhini mai i te pāpaka ka tae mai ki te whakatau ODM/OEM me te tauira hinengaro i hangaia e te pūtake kirihou OEM. He pakari te tauira kirihou OEM, he pai te tuhi, ā, he māmā te hanganga: he haumitanga whakapaipai kotahi te pokepokea ai, he utunga ma te tohatoha mō ia waeine, ā, he poto te porowhita whakahou tauira nā te mea he rite tonu te whanonga o te kirihou. Kāore te pāpaka e mahi pēnā.

Ko te rerekētanga tuatahi ko te roa o te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu. Ka taea e te pokepokea ai te werohanga maitai mō te kirihou te whakahaere mō ngā huringa whakaputa maha me te putanga āhua pumau. He rerekē te pirau o ngā taputapu bamboo me te acacia - ngā kaupapa CNC, ngā jigs kirikiri, ngā taputapu whakairo-reera. He poto ake te roa o te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu muka-taiao, ā, he teitei ake te auau whakarerekētanga taputapu i waenga i ngā puranga, nā te mea ko te rerekētanga o ngā rauemi o te bamboo me te acacia ka akiaki i te whakatikatika anō i te āhuahanga i muri i ētahi huringa whakaputa.

Ko te rerekētanga tuarua ko ngā para rauemi i te wā e pēhihia ana. Ka puta mai ngā wāhanga kirihou i te pokepokea tata ki te āhua kupenga. Ka ngaro ngā rauemi i ngā putanga pēhi parāoa me te akasia i te kuti i te ahunga o te kōpaka, te whakatikatika i te nui o te makuku, me te oro i te mata. He nui ake te ōrau para o te parāoa me te akasia i te kirihou, ā, he uaua ake te whakatauira i te para nā te mea e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rota parāoa kaua ki ngā tautuhinga mīhini.

Ko te tuatoru o ngā rerekētanga ko te auau o te mahi tauira anō. Ko te tikanga kotahi ki te rua ngā huringa o te tauira kirihou. Ko te tikanga e rua ki te whā ngā huringa o te tauira bamboo me te acacia, nā te mea ko te ahunga o te kōpaka, te nui o te makuku i te pēhitanga, me te puranga ātete kirikiri ka puta he rerekētanga kāore i te kirihou me te konganuku. Kei ia huringa tauira he utu tauira e ngaro ana i ngā kaihoko e whakataurite ana ki te OEM kirihou.

Ko te rerekētanga tuawhā ko te utu nui mō te mekameka tiwhikete. He ara ture rongonui ngā OEM kirihou - FDA, whakapā kai EU, LFGB. He ara anō hoki ēnei mō te OEM Bamboo me te tiwhikete mekameka tiaki FSC, e pā ana ki te rauemi tonu, kaua ki te hua kua oti. Ka whakahekehia te utu mekameka tiaki FSC puta noa i te rahinga bamboo katoa a te kaiwhakarato, engari he raina utu tūturu kāore e pā ki ngā kaihoko OEM kirihou. Ko ngā kaihoko e whakaaro ana ki te FSC he pouakataki kore utu kei raro i te tahua mā te nui nui.

Nā ēnei rerekētanga e whā te take e mahi ai ngā taputapu kīhini ODM me OEM i roto i te momo utu e rua, kaua i te mea e rua ngā pūwāhi i runga i te pihi utu OEM kirihou kotahi.

3. Ngā tau e whā e whakatau ana i te oranga o te ODM me te OEM

I mua i te whakatakoto i tētahi utu mō ia waeine, e whā ngā āhuatanga kounga hei whakatau mēnā ko te ODM, ko te OEM rānei te huarahi tika mō tētahi waitohu taputapu kīhini hou. Ehara i te ōrau, ehara hoki i te tau tuturu ēnei - engari he āhuatanga whakatau me whai ngātahi te kaihoko me te kaiwhakarato i mua i te whakatau i tētahi tauira hoko.

Ko te waitohu e whiwhi ana i ngā tohu teitei mō te Ahu 1 (te whānau SKU whānui) me te iti mō te Ahu 2 (te hoahoa kāore i whakamanahia) he kaitono ODM kaha, ahakoa te rahinga, te āhua rānei o te kaihokohoko. Ko te waitohu e whiwhi ana i ngā tohu iti mō te Ahu 1 me te nui mō te Ahu 2 he kaitono OEM kaha. Ko ngā tauira whakamere ko ngā waitohu e whiwhi ana i ngā tohu teitei mō ngā āhuatanga e rua me te iti mō ētahi atu e rua - ka whai hua aua waitohu i tētahi huarahi whakarite, e whakaahuahia ana e mātou i te wāhanga i raro nei.

4. He aratohu tawhē rarawe ODM tūturu

Hei whakamārama i te hanganga utu ODM, ka whai te aratohu i raro nei i tētahi kaupapa taputapu kīhini ODM mai i te īmēra tuatahi a te kaihoko ki te whiwhinga moni tuarua. Kua āta tangohia ngā tau me ngā ōrau o tēnei aratohu - ko te hanganga te mea nui, ehara i te mea ko ngā tatauranga motuhake.

Wiki 1 – te uiuinga me te kōwhiringa hoahoa.Ka whiriwhiria e te kaihoko tētahi huinga taputapu rakau me te pāpaka e ono ngā wahi mai i tā mātou rārangi taonga o nāianei. Ko te āhua, ko te aronga o te anga o te kōpaka, ko te puranga ātete hononga, me te hanganga o te takai kua oti kē te whakarite. Ka whakamahia e te kaihoko he whakaoti kakau motuhake mō te waitohu me te whakairoiro takai motuhake mō te waitohu. Ka tīmata te whakamātautau.

Wiki 4 – te otinga o te tauira.Mā te tauira tuatahi ka whakaū te whakaotinga i whakamahia e te waitohu me te tūranga whakairo-reera. Mā te tauira tuarua ka maukati te whakairoiro takai. Ka oti te tauira i roto i ngā wāhanga e rua. Ka uru te utu o ēnei wāhanga ki te utu mō ia waeine i raro i ā mātou tikanga ODM paerewa.

Wiki 8 – te whakaputanga o te puranga tuatahi.Ka tukuna te puranga tuatahi. Kei roto i te FOB mō ia waeine he takoha whakahekenga ki te hoahoa me te puna taputapu i putea ai te whanaketanga taketake, engari kāore te kaihoko e pāngia e te mōrearea taputapu i te puranga tuatahi. He māmā noa te tatau i te tawhē rarawe i raro i te ODM nā te mea kei roto i te utu mō ia waeine ngā paparanga utu katoa.

Wiki 14 – whakamana hokohoko-ā-roto.Ka tae mai te puranga tuatahi ki te hokohoko. Ka tirohia e te waitohu te tere o te hoko atu, ngā urupare a te kaihokohoko, me te whiwhinga whakairoiro o te takai. Koinei te wāhanga whakamana - te wāhanga e ako ai te waitohu mēnā he pai te kāwai taputapu kīhini pūangi mō tana hongere hokohoko.

Wiki 22 – te ota tuarua o te puranga me te whakatutukitanga o te tawhē.Kua tukuna te ota tuarua o te puranga. I tēnei wā, kua tata te kaupapa ODM ki te wāhi ōrite, nā te mea kua whakamanahia te tawhē mō ia waeine o te puranga tuatahi ki te hokonga hokohoko tuturu, ā, ka whai hua te puranga tuarua i te matapae pai ake a te waitohu. Ka mutu te wāhanga whakamana, ā, ka tīmata te wāhanga tauine.

E whakaatu ana te aratohu ODM he aha i eke ai te ODM ki te taumata tuarua i te nuinga o te wā: ko te whiwhinga moni a te kaihoko kei te taha mō ia waeine, ā, ka mōhiotia te tawhē mō ia waeine mai i te taumata tuatahi haere tonu.

5. He aratohu tawhē rarawe OEM tūturu

Kei raro nei te aratohu OEM e whai ana i te waitohu kotahi - te huinga taputapu bamboo e ono ngā wahi, te hongere hokohoko Pākehā kotahi - engari kei runga i te ara OEM. He rite te hanganga ki te aratohu ODM, nō reira e kitea ana ngā rerekētanga utu.

Wiki 1 – he whakarāpopototanga uiuinga me te hoahoa.Ka tukuna e te kaihoko he āhuahanga hou, he kōtaha kakau ritenga, me te hanganga takai ritenga. Ka arotakehia e tā mātou tīma hangarau te whakarāpopototanga hoahoa, ā, ka whakaū i te whaihua. Ka utua e te kaihoko te utu taputapu motuhake ki te āhuahanga i mua. He mea nui te utu taputapu, ā, ka whakahekehia puta noa i te matapae rahinga a te kaihoko.

Wiki 4 ki te Wiki 12 – te tauira mahi anō.Mā te tauira tuatahi ka whakaū i te whaihua o te āhuahanga. Mā te tauira tuarua ka whakatika i te matotoru o te kakau me te whakaotinga kirikiri i kitea i te tauira tuatahi. Mā te tauira tuatoru ka whakarite i te hanganga takai ki ngā rahinga whata o te kaihokohoko. Mā te tauira tuawhā, ina hiahiatia, ka maukati i te tae whakamutunga me ngā whakaritenga whakaotinga. E toru ki te whā ngā huringa o te whakamātautau, me te utu tauira mō ia huringa.

Wiki 16 – te whakaputanga o te puranga tuatahi.Ka tukuna te puranga tuatahi i raro i ngā tikanga OEM. He iti iho te FOB mō ia waeine i te ODM FOB mō ia waeine i te rahinga rite, nā te mea kua utua e te kaihoko ngā paparanga hoahoa me ngā taputapu i mua. Engari ko te whiwhinga moni mō te puranga tuatahi kei roto ko te toenga taputapu kāore anō kia utua me ngā rauna mahi tauira anō, nō reira ka pēhia te tawhē rarawe o te puranga tuatahi e pā ana ki te utu mō ia waeine.

Wiki 24 – whakamana hokohoko-ā-roto.Ka tau te puranga tuatahi ki te hokohoko. Ka kitea e te waitohu ngā tohu ōrite ki te tirohanga whānui ODM - te hoko atu, te urupare a te kaihokohoko, me te whiwhinga takai. Engari he tohu anō tā te waitohu OEM: mēnā kei te tutukihia te matapae rahinga i whakamana i te haumi taputapu OEM.

Wiki 36 – te tuarua o ngā wāhanga me te tohu whakahekenga utu taputapu.Ka tukuna te ota puranga tuarua. Ka tae te kaupapa OEM ki te wāhi e whiti ai te moni whiwhi puranga tāpiri i te utu taputapu me te utu tauira tāpiri. Koinei te matapihi pakaru-taurite OEM, ā, i te nuinga o te wā ka tuwhera i muri i te matapihi pakaru-taurite ODM nā te mea he nui ake te whakaaturanga taputapu o mua.

Wiki 52 – te whakaurunga wāhanga tauine.I te puranga 3, i muri mai rānei, ka uru te kaupapa OEM ki te wāhanga tauine. Ka pumau te tawhē mō ia waeine, ā, ka kitea te painga OEM i runga i te ODM - te utu iti mō ia waeine i te tauine. Engari kua mau tonu te waitohu i te tūponotanga moni me te mōrearea rahinga puta noa i te wāhanga tauine katoa.

E whakaatu ana te aratohu mō te OEM he aha i roa ake ai te wā e taea ai e te OEM te whakatutuki i te hua pai: he nui ake te whiwhinga moni o mua, he roa ake te huringa mahi tauira, ā, me mau tonu te matapae rahinga puta noa i ngā puranga maha.

6. Te matapihi pakaru-taurite - te wāhi e whiti ai ia ara

Mā te mahere i ngā ara e rua ki runga i tētahi rārangi wā kotahi mō te haerenga a te kaihoko ka kitea te matapihi pakaru-taurite. E toru ngā wāhanga o te haerenga i raro nei: te wāhanga whakamana (wiki 1 ki te wiki 24), te wāhanga tauine (wiki 24 ki te wiki 52), me te wāhanga pumau (wiki 52 ki mua).

Ko te matapihi pakaru-taurite mō te ODM ka tuwhera i roto i te wāhanga whakamana, i te taha o te puranga tuarua. Ka tuwhera te matapihi pakaru-taurite mō te OEM i roto i te wāhanga tauine, i muri i ētahi marama, ā, mēnā he tika te matapae rahinga. Kāore ngā matapihi e rua e taupatupatu. Koinei te take hanganga kāore e taea te whakatau ODM/OEM i runga i te utu mō ia wae anake.

7. E toru ngā pātai hei pātai i mua i tō whiriwhiri i tētahi ara

I mua i te whakaae ki te ODM, ki te OEM rānei mō ngā taputapu kīhini parāoa, e toru ngā pātai tirotiro-ā-koe me whakautu tahi me te kaiwhakarato. He pātai kounga ēnei, ehara i te pātai tauanga - ko te whakautu ki ia pātai he "āe / wāhanga / kāo" e hono ana ki ngā taha e whā mai i te H2 3.

7.1 Kua whakamanahia tō hoahoa ahumahi hokohoko?

Mā te hoahoa kua whakamanahia e te hokohoko - tētahi kua whakamatautauria i roto i te hokohoko mā roto i tētahi whānau hua o mua, i tētahi whakamātautau hokohoko iti rānei - ka huakina te ara OEM. Me tīmata te hoahoa kāore i whakamanahia me te ODM, nā te mea ko te wāhanga whakamana tonu te wāhi e ako ai te waitohu mēnā he tika te āhua, te whakaotinga, me te takai mō te hongere kaihokohoko.

7.2 He aha te whānuitanga o tō rōrahi i te puranga 2?

Ko te pae tawhiti e kitea ana i te puranga 2 me te puranga 3 te mea e hiahiatia ana mō te OEM. Me noho tonu te pae tawhiti kāore i te tino mārama ki te ODM, nā te mea ka hurihia e te ODM te mōrearea rahinga ki te utu mō ia wae. He pai ake te tirotiro pae tawhiti rahinga i te tau matapae rahinga, nā te mea ka kitea mēnā kei te waitohu te kaha whakahaere ki te whakahaere i tētahi mahere maha-puranga OEM.

7.3 Ko tēhea hongere kaihokohoko e tautuhi ana i tō kaupapa matua mō te taunga ki runga i te whata?

Ko te rite tonu ki te whata - te mea nui mō te nuinga o ngā hongere hokomaha me te toa rongoā - e pai ake ana ki te ODM. Ko te motuhaketanga o te hoahoa - te mea nui mō ngā toa taputapu kīhini kounga teitei, ngā kaihokohoko hoahoa-ārahi, me ngā hongere koha - e pai ake ana ki te OEM. Me tika te whakautu a te hongere kaihokohoko: "ka hokohoko mātou mā te kaihokohoko X, ā, e tumanako ana tā rātou kaiwhakahaere kāwai ki a Y."

8. Ina ehara te ODM, te OEM rānei i te otinga

Mō te nuinga o ngā waitohu hou o ngā taputapu kīhini, ko te ODM, ko te OEM rānei te anga tika. Engari he iti nei, engari e tipu haere ana, kei te kimi huarahi mā roto i ngā tauira tata kāore e taea e te takirua ODM/OEM te hopu. E toru ngā tauira hei mātakitaki.

Ko te tauira tuatahi ko te ranu hoko: ka whakamahia e te waitohu te ODM mō tana rarangi taonga matua, ā, ka whakamahia te OEM mō ngā SKU e rua, e toru rānei kua whakamanahia i roto i te hokohoko, ā, e hiahia ana kia motuhake te hoahoa. Ka hopukina e te huarahi ranu te nuinga o te painga moni ODM me te pupuri tonu i te kōrero rerekētanga OEM mō ngā SKU matua.

Ko te tauira tuarua ko te hoahoa mahi tahi: ka tukuna e te waitohu ōna māramatanga hokohoko ki te tari hoahoa a te kaiwhakarato hei utu mō te hoahoa mana-tahi e noho ana i waenga i te ODM me te OEM. Ko te tauira mahi tahi e hiahia ana ki tētahi waitohu he reo hoahoa kaha kei te taha hokohoko me tētahi kaiwhakarato he tari hoahoa pakeke - ehara i te mea ko ngā takirua waitohu-kaituku katoa e uru ki tēnei tauira, engari ko te hunga e kitea ana he ara tawhē pumau.

Ko te tauira tuatoru ko te kimi rauemi hei hoko anō: ka tiki te waitohu i ngā hua ODM kua oti te hanga mai i te kaiwhakarato, ā, ka hoko anō i raro i tana ake waitohu, me te whakaatu i te reo hoahoa a te kaiwhakarato i roto i te hua kua oti. He mea noa tēnei tauira i waenga i ngā waitohu e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu kīhini paina hei toronga kāwai, kaua hei raina matua. Ka karohia te haumi taputapu OEM me te utu nui mō te whakaritenga waitohu ODM.

Kāore tētahi o ēnei tauira tata e pai ake ana i te ODM, i te OEM rānei. He mea whai hua kia mōhiotia ēnei, nā te mea ehara i te mea ko te rua ODM/OEM anake te hanganga e whakaputa ana i te tawhē, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea e ngā waitohu e tūhura ana i ngā tauira tata ko te rua te anga hē mō tā rātou pakihi i te tuatahi.